The first step in proper stone care and maintenance is to understand your stone’s geological classification and composition. Marble and other natural stone products are often quite different from each other. Sure, they all come from “rocks”, but not all rocks are created equal! Marble, granite, quartz, and other stones are products of millions of years of evolution. It is easier to care for your stone if you learn about its source and history.
Natural stone is categorized into three basic geological classifications by their respective formation processes: Sedimentary, Metamorphic and igneous. Additionally, stones in each category can be either Calcareous or Siliceous.
Calcareous stone
Composed mainly of calcium carbonate, a chemical compound commonly found in natural stone, shells and pearls. Calcium carbonate is sensitive to acidic solutions so mild, non-acidic cleaners are recommended.
Siliceous stone
Composed primarily of silicates, such as quartz, feldspar, mica, etc. as such, a siliceous stone is generally resistant to most acids found in kitchen settings, although acidic cleaners are still not recommended, as these stones may contain trace levels of minerals that are acid sensitive.
The following chart will be a helpful guide:
The Different Types of Stone in North America
Learn More About the Care and Maintenance of North American Stone
from the Marble Institute of America